Genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes sciencedirect. The genetic association database is a collection of data from published genetic association studies, where data and metadata reported in individual studies have. In this study, we used t2d associated snp information curated from the type 2 diabetes genetic association database. Today, nature genetics published our manuscript describing the latest iteration of the series of genome wide association analysis for type 2 diabetes that we as the diagram consortium have completed over the past decade. A summary of epidemiological databases, varimed source of genetic associations, red and nhanes source of environmental data, green. Type 2 diabetes t2d is a very common disease in humans. The genetic association database is a database of genetic association data from complex diseases and disorders. New t2dkp release features potential t2d effector genes. Genomewide metaanalysis of genetic susceptible genes for. T2d susceptibility genes were collected from three main sources. The t2d knowledge portal enables browsing, searching, and analysis of human genetic information linked to type 2 diabetes and related traits, while protecting the integrity and confidentiality of the underlying data.
Additionally, we are currently building a database tool that captures data use. Many genetic studies, including single gene studies and genomewide association studies gwas, aim to identify risk alleles for genetic diseases such as type ii diabetes t2d. Substantial progress has been made in identification of type 2 diabetes t2d risk loci in the past few years, but our understanding of the genetic basis of t2d in ethnically diverse populations remains limited. Author summary complex diseases depend on interactions between many known and unknown genetic and environmental factors. T2d genetic risk gene networks as a whole rather than the risk genes individually. Diabetes and its complications represent one of the most serious challenges to public health in the 21 st century. The interaction data from apid and pip databases can be visualized separately. Causal relationships between nafld, t2d and obesity have. Method of integrating epidemiological and toxicological data to create variant by environment interaction candidates. A total of 41 155 patients with t2d and 80 008 control individuals without t2d. This condition results from a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors, some of which have not been identified. Human t2d genes were gathered from the omim database. The knowledge portal is being developed by a team of scientists and software engineers at the broad institute, the university of michigan. Few genomewide association studies gwas of type 2 diabetes t2d have been conducted in u.
Type 2 diabetes genetic association database manually. Because type 2 diabetes genetic association database t2dgadb aims to provide specialized information on the genetic risk factors involved in the development of type 2 diabetes, 701 of the 1,771. We performed a genomewide association study and a replication study in chinese hans comprising 8,569 t2d. However, most studies aggregate these strata and test for associations on. At the dcc, we will develop software for storing and managing datasets, and will not. T2dgadb collected 701 publications in t2d genetic association. Gene ontology go, protein families database pfam, and others. After serving the scientific community for more than 10 years, the genetic association database. Genetic association database gad category crossomicsknowledge basesdatabasestools. The t2d knowledge portal enables browsing, searching, and analysis of human genetic information linked to type 2 diabetes and related traits, while. Largescale biobanks now enable genetic analysis of traits with modest heritability, such as diet.
T2ddb type 2 diabetes database is a comprehensive web resource, which. Gwas have so far identified 129 loci associated with type 2 diabetes t2d. These databases interrogated multiple chromatin features from the. Genome wide association analyses in type 2 diabetes. Biobank japan gwas an overall set plus sexstratified sets bring to the t2dkp genetic associations. B factors are chosen by their strength of association to t2d.
Because type 2 diabetes genetic association database t2dgadb aims to provide specialized information on the genetic risk factors involved in the development of type 2 diabetes, 701 of the 1,771 publications in the type 2 diabetes. Association of birth weight with type 2 diabetes and. An integrated platform to study the molecular basis of type. T2ddb type 2 diabetes database is a comprehensive web resource, which provides integrated and curated information on almost all known molecular components involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the three widely studied mammals namely human, mouse and rat. Genome wide association study shows the genetic variations associated with a particular disease. An integrated platform to study the molecular basis of. Accumulating evidence has shown that type 2 diabetes t2d and coronary artery disease cad may stem from a common soil. Prior to this study, several reports 10,11 examined genes implicated t2d differential expressions in affected tissues. T2dgenes type 2 diabetes genetic exploration by nextgeneration sequencing in multiethnic samples is an niddkfunded research consortium which seeks to identify genetic variants for type 2 diabetes t2d through multiethnic sequencing studies. In keeping with the amp t2d mission of democratizing access to genetic data and facilitating worldwide research, we are developing software apis so that researchers can query summary statistics and. Ampt2d portal, entitled framework for investigating genetic associations. Plato software provides analytic framework for investigating. Genetic association is when one or more genotypes within a population cooccur with a phenotypic trait more often than would be expected by chance occurrence studies of genetic association aim to test. T2d db also provides an external link to each candidate gene in genetic association database.
Unhealthful dietary habits are leading risk factors for lifealtering diseases and mortality. It aims to facilitate the studying of complex common human genetic. T2ddb type 2 diabetes database is a comprehensive web resource, which provides integrated and curated information on almost all known molecular components involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. For this round, we assembled genomewide association. Twentytwo studies reported the genetic association between grs and birth weight, and 33 studies reported the genetic association between grs and risk of t2d. It aims to facilitate the studying of complex common human genetic disease in modern highthroughput assay systems and current annotated molecular nomenclature. We identify 9 common and 4 rare variants associated with t2d, 42 of. Genomewide association studies gwas have identified thousands of.
Human t2d genes were gathered from the omim database, t2ddb, type 2 diabetes genetic association database. Comprehensive genomic analysis of dietary habits in uk. Researchers are building a database of dna sequence, functional and epigenomic information, and clinical data from studies on type 2 diabetes and its macro and microvascular complications, and creating analytic tools to analyze these data. Huge navigator and the curated database of the ingenuity pathway analysis software. This result further confirmed that the causal relationship between nafld and t2d or obesity is highly likely a general mechanism rather than a biased association driven by a specific genetic variant. Building on these promising findings and harnessing the unique genotypic and phenotypic scale of the 23andme customer database, here we present a consumeroriented t2d genetic report powered by a polygenic score pgs based on over 1,000 t2d associated genetic.
The data and analytical tools are accessible to academic and industry researchers. T2dgadb includes three local databases such as t2d genetic association database that summarise 701 publications, gene information. Over the next year we plan to develop software to facilitate the generation and updating of these results. The diagram dia betes g enetics r eplication a nd m etaanalysis consortium is a grouping of researchers with shared interests in performing largescale studies to characterise the genetic. Because type 2 diabetes genetic association database t2dgadb aims to provide specialized information on the genetic risk factors involved in the development of type 2 diabetes, 701 of the 1,771 publications in the type 2 diabetes casecontrol study for the development of the disease were extracted. T2ddb type 2 diabetes database is a comprehensive web resource. In this study, we performed metaanalysis of 17 gwas in 8284 cases and. Human t2d genes were gathered from the omim database nih. Here we conduct a metaanalysis of genomewide association studies gwas with 16 million genetic variants in 62,892 t2d. The aim of our study was to examine the association between genetic predisposition to t2d. Type 2 diabetes genetic association database manually curated for. Abstract the genetic association database gad is an archive of human genetic association studies of complex diseases and disorders the goal of this database. Genomewide association analyses identify 143 risk variants and.
Gad is a public repository of published genetic association studies that contains molecular, clinical and study parameters for more than 5,000 human genetic association studies. A database of all molecular factors reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes in human, mouse and rat. The gwa studies on diabetic vs control subjects have been collected from wtccc 51. Hispanicslatinos of diverse backgrounds who are disproportionately affected by diabetes. Genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes is associated. In addition to the results of the methods listed above, the table includes genelevel t2d associations generated by two types of burden test firth and skat from an analysis of nearly 50,000 exome sequences by jason flannick and colleagues, as well as the phenotypes of knockout mice that are mutant for homologs of the human genes in the region, from the mouse genome database. Metaanalysis of genomewide association studies in african. With its concomitant lifethreatening complications of cardiovascular disease, renal failure, blindness, and peripheral vascular disease, t2d. Todays release of the t2dkp also includes 8 new datasets. The data is displayed as tables and map at a genome wide scale.
1264 357 1617 1640 423 343 879 1633 671 770 899 721 535 1269 1140 147 1294 654 1332 1458 339 1408 1061 253 735 1050 691 1277 875 1591 347 694 115 621 965 895 685 780 104 1378 251 756 599 857 1221 1132 564 152